Kedua: 𝙁𝙖𝙠𝙩𝙖/𝙍𝙚𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙨 𝙍𝘼𝙎𝙄𝙎𝙈𝙀, 𝙆𝙊𝙇𝙊𝙉𝙄𝘼𝙇 𝘿𝘼𝙉 𝙋𝙍𝙄𝙈𝙄𝙏𝙄𝙁
(𝘾𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙋𝙀𝙉𝙏𝙄𝙉𝙂: 𝙎𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙖 𝙋𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠 𝙊𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝘼𝙨𝙡𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙒𝘼𝙅𝙄𝘽 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙃𝘼𝙍𝙐𝙎 𝙗𝙖𝙘𝙖 𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙠𝙚𝙡 𝙞𝙣𝙞)
” 𝙅𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙟𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙠 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙖𝙩𝙖-𝙠𝙖𝙩𝙖 𝙋𝙧𝙞𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙛, 𝙍𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙨𝙢𝙚, 𝙆𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡.”
𝙊𝙡𝙚𝙝 𝙂𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙡𝙖 𝘿𝙧. 𝘼𝙢𝙗𝙞𝙧𝙚𝙠 𝙂. 𝙎𝙤𝙘𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙯 𝙔𝙤𝙢𝙖𝙣,𝙈𝘼
𝙆𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙖, 𝙥𝙪𝙩𝙪𝙨𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙝𝙪𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙠𝙖 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙡𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙝𝙪𝙧𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙡𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙝𝙪𝙧𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙗𝙤𝙙𝙤𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙛.
𝙋𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙧 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨 𝙇𝙞𝙚𝙨𝙝𝙤𝙪𝙩, 𝙊𝙁𝙈 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙝𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙠𝙞𝙩𝙖 𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙖 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙠𝙪 𝙠𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙢 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙗𝙖𝙧 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙖𝙨𝙖 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙏𝙉𝙄 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪-𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪 𝙨𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣-𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖.
“𝘿𝙞 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖-𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖 𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙠𝙖𝙮𝙪 𝙖𝙥𝙞 𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙪𝙣: 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪-𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣-𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣 𝙖𝙧𝙨𝙞𝙥 𝘽𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧.” (𝙂𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙡𝙖 𝘿𝙖𝙣 𝙂𝙪𝙧𝙪 𝘽𝙖𝙜𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖, 2020: 𝙝𝙖𝙡. 593).
𝙆𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙢𝙤𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙝𝙖𝙙𝙖𝙥 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙖𝙨𝙡𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙥𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙠𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙢, 𝙗𝙞𝙖𝙙𝙖𝙗, 𝙗𝙧𝙪𝙩𝙖𝙡, 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙗𝙖𝙧 𝙨𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙖 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙛 𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪-𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪 𝙨𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣-𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙠𝙞 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠 𝙖𝙨𝙡𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖. 𝙆𝙚𝙠𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙗𝙞𝙖𝙙𝙖𝙗𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙖𝙨𝙖 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙨𝙢𝙚, 𝙛𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙨𝙢𝙚 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙨𝙢𝙚. 𝙆𝙚𝙠𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙢𝙚 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙛 𝙞𝙣𝙞 𝙬𝙖𝙟𝙖𝙧 𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙖 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙖𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙠𝙪𝙡𝙩𝙪𝙧 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧.
𝘿𝙚𝙬𝙖𝙣 𝙂𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙟𝙖 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 (𝙒𝙋𝘾𝘾) 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 5 𝙅𝙪𝙡𝙞 2020 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣: “𝘽𝙚𝙜𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙩 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 (𝙨𝙚𝙩𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙐𝙉𝙏𝙀𝘼 𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙖𝙡 1 𝙈𝙚𝙞 1963), 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙚𝙡𝙞𝙩 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙠𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙠𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧 𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙖 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪, 𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣-𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣, 𝙟𝙪𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙡 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙖 𝙩𝙪𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙎𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝, 𝙚𝙩𝙣𝙤𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙛𝙞, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠, 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣; 𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧 𝙙𝙞 𝙙𝙚𝙥𝙖𝙣 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙠 𝙙𝙞 𝙝𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙆𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙤𝙧 𝘿𝙋𝙍𝙋 𝙨𝙚𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞 𝙅𝙖𝙮𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙧𝙖” (𝙇𝙞𝙝𝙖𝙩, 𝘼𝙘𝙪𝙗 𝙕𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙡 𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙤𝙖𝙧𝙣𝙮𝙖: 𝙄 𝙇𝙤𝙫𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝘼𝙧𝙢𝙮).
“𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙚𝙨𝙖𝙧-𝙗𝙚𝙨𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙖 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪-𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪 𝙩𝙚𝙠𝙨 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝, 𝙨𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙖 𝙨𝙞𝙢𝙗𝙤𝙡-𝙨𝙞𝙢𝙗𝙤𝙡 𝙣𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙢𝙚 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙏𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙄𝙢𝙗𝙞 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙠𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝘼𝘽𝙍𝙄 (𝙨𝙚𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜:𝙏𝙉𝙄) 𝙙𝙞𝙥𝙞𝙢𝙥𝙞𝙣 𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙝 𝙈𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙞 𝙆𝙚𝙗𝙪𝙙𝙖𝙮𝙖𝙖𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖, 𝙈𝙧𝙨.𝙍𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙎𝙖𝙧𝙙𝙟𝙤𝙣𝙤.”
𝙋𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙧 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨 𝙇𝙚𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙤𝙪𝙩,𝙊𝙁𝙈 𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙞 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙨𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙖 56 𝙩𝙖𝙝𝙪𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙠 𝙩𝙞𝙗𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 18 𝘼𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙡 1969 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙡𝙞 𝙠𝙚 𝘽𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 28 𝙊𝙠𝙩𝙤𝙗𝙚𝙧 2019. 𝙋𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙧 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨 𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙨𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙠𝙖𝙗𝙖𝙧 𝘽𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖 𝘿𝙚 𝙑𝙤𝙡𝙠𝙨𝙠𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙩 ( 𝙆𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣 𝙍𝙖𝙠𝙮𝙖𝙩) 𝙙𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙗𝙞𝙩𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 10 𝙅𝙖𝙣𝙪𝙖𝙧𝙞 2020, 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖.
” 𝙎𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙩 𝙞𝙠𝙪𝙩 𝙨𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙨𝙖𝙩𝙪 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙧𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙆𝙇𝙈 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙠𝙝𝙞𝙧 𝙠𝙚 𝙃𝙤𝙡𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖, 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙖𝙡 1 𝙈𝙚𝙞 1963 𝙙𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖. 𝙈𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙠𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙞𝙢𝙗𝙪𝙡𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙨𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙜𝙚𝙧𝙤𝙢𝙗𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠. 𝙏𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙞𝙪𝙩𝙪𝙨 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙥𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙡𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙘𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙥 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣. 𝙎𝙚𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝-𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙞 𝙅𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙠𝙖 𝙗𝙚𝙜𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙨𝙖𝙟𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙥𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙩 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙥𝙞𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙞𝙧 𝙟𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣. 𝙈𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙞𝙣 𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙧-𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙧 𝙙𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙠𝙞𝙖𝙣.”
“𝙎𝙖𝙖𝙩 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙨𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙨𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙧𝙞 𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙞𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙖𝙢𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙠𝙖. 𝙈𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜-𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙩𝙤𝙠𝙤-𝙩𝙤𝙠𝙤, 𝙩𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙥𝙞 𝙟𝙪𝙜𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙧𝙪𝙢𝙖𝙝-𝙧𝙪𝙢𝙖𝙝 𝙨𝙖𝙠𝙞𝙩. 𝙈𝙖𝙘𝙖𝙢-𝙢𝙖𝙘𝙖𝙢 𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙞𝙡 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙠𝙞𝙧𝙞𝙢 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙡 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙠𝙚 𝙅𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙖. 𝘿𝙞 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖-𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖 𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙠𝙖𝙮𝙪 𝙖𝙥𝙞 𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙪𝙣: 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪-𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣-𝙙𝙤𝙠𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣 𝙖𝙧𝙨𝙞𝙥 𝘽𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧.” (𝙂𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙡𝙖 𝘿𝙖𝙣 𝙂𝙪𝙧𝙪 𝘽𝙖𝙜𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖, 2020: 𝙝𝙖𝙡. 593).
𝙁𝙖𝙠𝙩𝙖 𝙡𝙖𝙞𝙣 𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙗𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙣 𝘼𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙡 1963, 𝘼𝙙𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙛 𝙃𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙗𝙮 𝙆𝙚𝙥𝙖𝙡𝙖 𝙎𝙚𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙨𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙨𝙖𝙩𝙪 𝙎𝙚𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙆𝙧𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙣 𝙙𝙞 𝙅𝙖𝙮𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙧𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙖𝙥 𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙝 𝙥𝙖𝙨𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖. 𝙎𝙚𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙜𝙚𝙗𝙧𝙚𝙠 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙘𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙨𝙞𝙢𝙗𝙤𝙡-𝙨𝙞𝙢𝙗𝙤𝙡 𝙣𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖, 𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙖-𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙖, 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪-𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪, 𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙪-𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙪, 𝙨𝙚𝙨𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙪 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙝𝙪𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙪𝙙𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜-𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙞𝙡. 𝘼𝙙𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙛 𝙃𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙗𝙮 𝙙𝙞𝙗𝙖𝙬𝙖 𝙠𝙚 𝙖𝙨𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙖 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙤𝙜𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙥𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙝 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙞𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙞𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙣 𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜-𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖” (𝙏𝘼𝙋𝙊𝙇, 𝘽𝙪𝙡𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙣 𝙉𝙤.53, 𝙎𝙚𝙥𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 1982).
𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣 𝙍𝙚𝙥𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙠 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖, 𝙄𝙧. 𝙎𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙣𝙤 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙎𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙇𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙈𝙚𝙞 𝙉𝙤𝙢𝙤𝙧 8 𝙏𝙖𝙝𝙪𝙣 1963.
“𝙈𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜/𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙝𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙞 𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙨 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙞𝙩𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙘𝙖𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜-𝙘𝙖𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙋𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙖𝙞 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙪 𝙙𝙞 𝙄𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩. 𝘿𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙄𝙧𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙙𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙠𝙚𝙜𝙞𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙠 𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙧𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙩 𝙪𝙢𝙪𝙢, 𝙙𝙚𝙢𝙤𝙣𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞-𝙙𝙚𝙢𝙤𝙣𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞, 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙘𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙨𝙞, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙢𝙪𝙢𝙖𝙣-𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙢𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙮𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙙𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙪 𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙞𝙠𝙚𝙡, 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙣 𝙪𝙢𝙪𝙢, 𝙜𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣-𝙜𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙪 𝙛𝙤𝙩𝙤-𝙛𝙤𝙩𝙤 𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙥𝙖 𝙞𝙟𝙞𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙖𝙢𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙜𝙪𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙪𝙧 𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙪 𝙥𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙗𝙖𝙩 𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙢𝙞 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞𝙩𝙪𝙣𝙟𝙪𝙠 𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙝 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣.”
𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙚𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙥𝙖 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖, 𝙨𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙪𝙩:
1. 𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙪𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙏𝙝𝙚𝙮𝙨 𝙀𝙡𝙪𝙖𝙮: 𝙆𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙃𝘼𝙈 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 ( 𝘿𝙧. 𝘽𝙚𝙣𝙣𝙮 𝙂𝙞𝙖𝙮, 2005).
2. 𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙨𝙣𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙀𝙩𝙣𝙞𝙨 𝙈𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖: 𝙈𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙘𝙖𝙝 𝙆𝙚𝙗𝙞𝙨𝙪𝙖𝙣 𝙎𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙆𝙚𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 (𝙎𝙤𝙘𝙧𝙖𝙧𝙚𝙯 𝙎.𝙔𝙤𝙢𝙖𝙣, 2007).
3. 𝙏𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙍𝙪𝙢𝙥𝙪𝙣 𝙈𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 (𝙎𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙪𝙨 𝙒𝙤𝙣𝙙𝙖, 2007).
4. 𝙅𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝘽𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 ( 𝙎𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙪𝙨 𝙒𝙤𝙣𝙙𝙖, 2009).
2. 𝙈𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙨𝙞 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡, 𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙢𝙖, 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙨-𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙨
𝘽𝙪𝙠𝙩𝙞 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙖𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙢𝙤𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙞𝙣 𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪-𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙪 𝙨𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝, 𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙨𝙞 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡, 𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙢𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙨-𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙨 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣 (𝙟𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙛𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣) 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙪𝙡𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙮𝙞𝙠𝙨𝙖𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙪𝙝𝙖𝙣. 𝙇𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡 𝙠𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙢 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙢𝙖 𝙣𝙚𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙛 𝙨𝙚𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙞: 𝙎𝙚𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙨, 𝙊𝙋𝙈, 𝙈𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧, 𝙆𝙆𝘽, 𝙆𝙆𝙎𝘽, 𝙏𝙚𝙧𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙨, 𝙂𝙋𝙆, 𝙂𝙋𝙇, 𝙢𝙤𝙣𝙮𝙚𝙩, 𝙜𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙡𝙖, 𝙩𝙞𝙠𝙪𝙨-𝙩𝙞𝙠𝙪𝙨, 𝙠𝙤𝙥𝙞 𝙨𝙪𝙨𝙪, 𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙢𝙪𝙠-𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙢𝙪𝙠, 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙜-𝙗𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙜.
𝙏𝙪𝙟𝙪𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡, 𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙢𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡 𝙣𝙚𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙛 𝙞𝙣𝙞 𝙟𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙨, 𝙮𝙖𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙠𝙡𝙪𝙠𝙠𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙪𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙠𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙢𝙥𝙪𝙝𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙞𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙞𝙧𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙗𝙖𝙞𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙞𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙪𝙝𝙖𝙣, 𝙢𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙞, 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠𝙠𝙖𝙣, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣, 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙨𝙣𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙚𝙩𝙣𝙞𝙨 𝙋𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠 𝙊𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝘼𝙨𝙡𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙨, 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙪𝙠𝙩𝙪𝙧, 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙥𝙤𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙢, 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙪, 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞, 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙠𝙩𝙞𝙛, 𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙖𝙨 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙛.
𝘽𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙟𝙖𝙝 𝙨𝙪𝙖𝙩𝙪 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖, 𝙗𝙞𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙨𝙞 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡, 𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙢𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙨 𝙣𝙚𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙛 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙙𝙞𝙜𝙪𝙣𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙠𝙚𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙪𝙣𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙙𝙞𝙖-𝙢𝙚𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙠𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙡 𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙝 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧. 𝙇𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡, 𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙢𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙨 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙙𝙞𝙗𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙨-𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙨 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙙𝙞𝙖-𝙢𝙚𝙙𝙞𝙖 𝙗𝙚𝙨𝙖𝙧 𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙝 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙖𝙨𝙖, 𝙢𝙖𝙠𝙖 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡, 𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙢𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙨 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙙𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙞 𝙨𝙖𝙩𝙪 𝙠𝙚𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣.
𝙇𝙖𝙠𝙨𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖 𝙈𝙪𝙙𝙖 𝙏𝙉𝙄 (𝙋𝙪𝙧𝙣) 𝙎𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝘽. 𝙋𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙤 𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙆𝙚𝙥𝙖𝙡𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙡𝙞𝙟𝙚𝙣 𝙎𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙜𝙞𝙨 (𝙆𝘼𝘽𝘼𝙄𝙎) 𝙏𝙉𝙄 𝙨𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙠 𝙩𝙖𝙝𝙪𝙣 1996-2014 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙇𝙖𝙠𝙨𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖 𝙈𝙪𝙙𝙖 𝙏𝙉𝙄 (𝙋𝙪𝙧𝙣) 𝙄𝙨𝙠𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙧 𝙎𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙪𝙡 𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙡𝙪𝙞 𝙨𝙖𝙡𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙣 𝙄𝙨𝙠𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙧 𝙎𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙪𝙡 𝙋𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙠𝙖-𝙋𝙤𝙨𝙘𝙖𝙨𝙩 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙤𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙖𝙧 𝙧𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙨, 𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙜𝙢𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩.
𝙇𝙖𝙠𝙨𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖 𝙈𝙪𝙙𝙖 (𝙏𝙉𝙄) 𝙎𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝘽. 𝙋𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙤 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣:
“𝙆𝙞𝙩𝙖 (𝙏𝙉𝙄) 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞 𝙣𝙖𝙢𝙖 𝙆𝙆𝘽, 𝙆𝙎𝘽. 𝙎𝙚𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙞𝙣𝙞, 𝙨𝙪𝙠𝙖-𝙨𝙪𝙠𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞 𝙣𝙖𝙢𝙖..”
𝘿𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙝𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙞𝙩𝙪 “𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙢𝙪𝙠-𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙢𝙪𝙠, 𝙥𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙩 𝙗𝙖𝙞𝙜𝙤𝙣 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙩𝙖. 𝘼𝙙𝙖 𝙗𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞 𝙨𝙖𝙣𝙖, 𝙩𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙘𝙤𝙘𝙤𝙠 𝙜𝙪𝙣𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙖𝙞𝙜𝙤𝙣.”
𝙇𝙖𝙠𝙨𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖 𝙈𝙪𝙙𝙖 𝙏𝙉𝙄 (𝙋𝙪𝙧𝙣) 𝙄𝙨𝙠𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙧 𝙎𝙞𝙩𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙪𝙡 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣:
“𝙎𝙚𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙩𝙞 𝙙𝙪𝙡𝙪, 𝙠𝙖𝙢𝙞 𝙠𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙝 𝙣𝙖𝙢𝙖 𝙂𝙋𝙆. 𝙎𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙝 𝙞𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙩 𝙙𝙞 𝙠𝙚𝙥𝙖𝙡𝙖 𝙨𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙨𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜.”
3. 𝙈𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠 𝙊𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝘼𝙨𝙡𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖
𝙋𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙠 𝙧𝙖𝙠𝙮𝙖𝙩 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙨 𝙣𝙖𝙢𝙖 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙣𝙖𝙣 𝙣𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙖𝙡, 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙣𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙠𝙞𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨𝙢𝙞𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙥𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙟𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙢 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙝𝙖𝙙𝙖𝙥 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩.
𝘼𝙡𝙢. 𝙃𝙚𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙒𝙖𝙮𝙤𝙞 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙗𝙖𝙙𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙖𝙣 𝙞𝙣𝙞 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙁𝙚𝙗𝙧𝙪𝙖𝙧𝙞 2009 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙟𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙡𝙪𝙞 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙢 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨𝙢𝙞𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞.
“𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙥𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙞𝙣𝙞, 𝙠𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙙𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙨𝙣𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙀𝙩𝙣𝙞𝙨 𝙈𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙀𝙩𝙣𝙞𝙨 𝙈𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙮𝙪 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖. 𝙃𝙖𝙡 𝙞𝙣𝙞 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙩𝙞 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨𝙢𝙞𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙡𝙪𝙖𝙧 𝙙𝙖𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙟𝙪𝙢𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙧𝙞𝙗𝙪𝙖𝙣 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙖𝙢𝙞 𝙡𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙝-𝙡𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙝 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙨𝙪𝙗𝙪𝙧 𝙙𝙞 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖” (𝙎𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧: 𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙨𝙣𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙀𝙩𝙣𝙞𝙨 𝙈𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖: 𝙈𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙘𝙖𝙝 𝙆𝙚𝙗𝙞𝙨𝙪𝙖𝙣 𝙎𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙆𝙚𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩: 𝙔𝙤𝙢𝙖𝙣, 2007:143).
𝙋𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙠 𝙋𝙊𝘼𝙋 𝙞𝙣𝙞 𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙖𝙠 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙥𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙝𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙤𝙩𝙤𝙣𝙜 𝙨𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧-𝙨𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 𝙠𝙚𝙝𝙞𝙙𝙪𝙥𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙞𝙥𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙨𝙠𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙚𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙝𝙞𝙙𝙪𝙥 𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙥𝙖 𝙏𝘼𝙉𝘼𝙃 (𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙡𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙡𝙞𝙛𝙚) 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙝𝙖𝙙𝙖𝙥 𝙋𝙊𝘼𝙋.
𝙋𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙊𝘼𝙋 𝙟𝙪𝙜𝙖 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙟𝙖𝙙𝙞 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙣𝙖𝙣 𝙜𝙚𝙙𝙪𝙣𝙜-𝙜𝙚𝙙𝙪𝙣𝙜 𝙠𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙤𝙧 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙟𝙪𝙜𝙖 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙣 𝙞𝙣𝙛𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙪𝙠𝙩𝙪𝙧 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙠𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙤𝙗𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙟𝙖𝙨𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙞 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙨 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩.
4. 𝙏𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙙𝙞𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙣 𝙥𝙖𝙗𝙧𝙞𝙠-𝙥𝙖𝙗𝙧𝙞𝙠 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞 𝙙𝙞 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩
𝙎𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙨𝙖𝙩𝙪 𝙗𝙪𝙠𝙩𝙞 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙢 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙤𝙧𝙤𝙩𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙖 𝙞𝙣𝙞 𝙞𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙢𝙤𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙗𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙢 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙣 𝙥𝙖𝙗𝙧𝙞𝙠-𝙥𝙖𝙗𝙧𝙞𝙠 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙨𝙪𝙠𝙨𝙞 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙡𝙤𝙡𝙖 𝙨𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙟𝙪𝙜𝙖 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙚𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙟𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙜𝙖-𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙜𝙖 𝙋𝙊𝘼𝙋 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙞𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙩 𝙚𝙠𝙤𝙣𝙤𝙢𝙞 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙖𝙞𝙠 𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙞 𝙋𝙊𝘼𝙋 𝙙𝙞 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩.
𝘿𝙪𝙡𝙪, 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙨𝙖𝙖𝙩 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝘽𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙟𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙞 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖, 𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙪𝙖 𝙨𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 𝙨𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙪 𝙧𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙝-𝙧𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙪𝙩 𝙠𝙚 𝙉𝙚𝙜𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙠𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝘽𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖. 𝘽𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙡𝙤𝙡𝙖 𝙗𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣-𝙗𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙥𝙖𝙗𝙧𝙞𝙠-𝙥𝙖𝙗𝙧𝙞𝙠 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙠𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝘽𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖.
𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣 𝙄𝙧. 𝙅𝙤𝙠𝙤 𝙒𝙞𝙙𝙤𝙙𝙤 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣 𝙍𝙚𝙥𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙠 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙪𝙧𝙞 𝙨𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖, 𝙡𝙚𝙗𝙞𝙝 𝙠𝙝𝙪𝙨𝙪𝙨 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙝𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙡 𝙩𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙨𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙠 𝙋𝙏 𝙁𝙧𝙚𝙚𝙥𝙤𝙧𝙩 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙣 𝙙𝙞 𝙥𝙪𝙨𝙖𝙩 𝙠𝙚𝙠𝙪𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙡 𝙙𝙞 𝙙𝙞 𝙂𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙠, 𝙅𝙖𝙬𝙖 𝙏𝙞𝙢𝙪𝙧.
𝙎𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙬𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙮𝙖𝙝 𝙠𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙣𝙞 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙞 𝙂𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙠 𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 1.800 𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙜𝙖 𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙟𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠. 𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙠 𝙩𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜, 𝙋𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠 𝙊𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝘼𝙨𝙡𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 (𝙋𝙊𝘼𝙋) 𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙞 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙖 𝙠𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣, 𝙠𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙨𝙠𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙙𝙞 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙤𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙞𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙪𝙧𝙞, 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙝, 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙪𝙝 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙬𝙖 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙜𝙞 𝙝𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙡 𝙨𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙖𝙮𝙖 𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙩 𝙗𝙪𝙢𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩.
5. 𝙒𝙖𝙟𝙖𝙝 𝙊𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙈𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙠𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙟𝙪𝙩𝙖𝙣
𝘼𝙡𝙢 𝙃𝙚𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙒𝙖𝙮𝙤𝙞 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣:
“𝘿𝙪𝙖 𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧, 𝙮𝙖𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙊𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙈𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙊𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙏𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨𝙢𝙞𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙪𝙣𝙟𝙪𝙠𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙠𝙪𝙖𝙩 𝙩𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙙𝙞𝙧𝙖𝙜𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙡𝙖𝙜𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙢𝙖𝙠𝙨𝙪𝙙 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙪𝙟𝙪𝙖𝙣 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙝𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙧𝙖𝙨 𝙈𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙞𝙣𝙞. 𝙍𝙖𝙠𝙮𝙖𝙩 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙪𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞-𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙝-𝙙𝙖𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙝 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙘𝙞𝙡 𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙪 𝙥𝙚𝙡𝙤𝙨𝙤𝙠 𝙥𝙚𝙙𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙠𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙥𝙖 𝙥𝙧𝙤𝙨𝙚𝙙𝙪𝙧 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙪𝙡𝙪 𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙝 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙚𝙬𝙖𝙨𝙖 𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙪 𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙠-𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙠. 𝙈𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙞𝙧𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙨, 𝙠𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙥𝙞𝙝𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙝𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙢 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙖𝙙𝙞𝙡 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙮𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙗𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙣𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙞 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙢𝙖𝙩𝙖 𝙖𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙠𝙚𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙣 𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙩𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙡𝙚𝙗𝙞𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙚𝙠𝙤𝙧 𝙗𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙪𝙧𝙪𝙖𝙣” (𝙔𝙤𝙢𝙖𝙣: 2007: 143).
𝘼𝙡𝙢. 𝙋𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙧 𝙁𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙨 𝙇𝙞𝙚𝙨𝙝𝙤𝙪𝙩, 𝙊𝙁𝙈 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙖𝙗𝙖𝙙𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙥𝙖 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙠𝙨𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣𝙣𝙮𝙖:
“𝙋𝙖𝙙𝙖 1 𝙈𝙚𝙞 1963 𝙙𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖. 𝙈𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙠𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙞𝙢𝙗𝙪𝙡𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙨𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙜𝙚𝙧𝙤𝙢𝙗𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠. 𝙏𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙩𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙞𝙪𝙩𝙪𝙨 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙥𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙡𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙤𝙠 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙘𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙥 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣. 𝙎𝙚𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝-𝙤𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙞 𝙅𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙠𝙖 𝙗𝙚𝙜𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙨𝙖𝙟𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙥𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙪𝙩 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙥𝙞𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙞𝙧 𝙟𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙣. 𝙈𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙞𝙣 𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙧-𝙗𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙧 𝙙𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙠𝙞𝙖𝙣.” (𝙎𝙪𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧: 𝙂𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙡𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙂𝙪𝙧𝙪 𝘽𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙖: 𝙈𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙪𝙨 𝙃𝙖𝙡𝙪𝙠, 2020:593).
𝙊𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙞 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙙𝙞𝙢𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙠 19 𝘿𝙚𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 1961 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙈𝙖𝙠𝙡𝙪𝙢𝙖𝙩 𝙏𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙤𝙧𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙄𝙧. 𝙎𝙤𝙚𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙣𝙤 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙪𝙣𝙜 𝙨𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙣𝙜 𝙤𝙡𝙚𝙝 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣 𝙄𝙧. 𝙅𝙤𝙠𝙤 𝙒𝙞𝙙𝙤𝙙𝙤.
𝙄𝙣𝙞 𝙠𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙉𝙚𝙜𝙖𝙧𝙖. 𝙄𝙣𝙞 𝙠𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙢𝙖𝙢𝙪𝙨𝙞𝙖𝙖𝙣. 𝙏𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙙𝙞 𝙟𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙨 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙞 𝙠𝙖𝙢𝙞, 𝙗𝙖𝙝𝙬𝙖 𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙞𝙖𝙩 𝙗𝙪𝙧𝙪𝙠 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙖𝙢𝙞 𝙋𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠 𝘼𝙨𝙡𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖, 𝙧𝙖𝙨 𝙈𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖.
𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙪𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙋𝙊𝘼𝙋 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙨 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙡𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙨𝙪𝙣𝙜 𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙖 𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙉𝙚𝙜𝙖𝙧𝙖. 𝙋𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣 𝙍𝙚𝙥𝙪𝙗𝙡𝙞𝙠 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙤𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙖𝙧𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙧𝙩𝙖𝙞 𝘿𝙚𝙢𝙤𝙠𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙋𝙚𝙧𝙟𝙪𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 (𝙋𝘿𝙄𝙋). 𝙋𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙗𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙢 𝙙𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙗𝙪𝙩 𝙨𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙞 𝙨𝙖𝙖𝙩 𝙞𝙣𝙞. 𝙋𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙙𝙞𝙜𝙪𝙣𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙏𝙉𝙄-𝙋𝙤𝙡𝙧𝙞 𝙙𝙞 𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖.
1. 𝙄𝙧. 𝙅𝙤𝙠𝙤 𝙒𝙞𝙙𝙤𝙙𝙤 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙊𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙈𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 5 𝘿𝙚𝙨𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙚𝙧 2018 𝙨𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙪𝙩:
“𝙏𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙠𝙖𝙥 𝙨𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙧𝙪𝙝 𝙥𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙠𝙪 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖. 𝙏𝙪𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙨 𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙖 𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧.” (𝘿𝙚𝙩𝙞𝙠𝙣𝙚𝙬𝙨, 5/12/2018).
2. 𝙒𝙖𝙠𝙞𝙡 𝙋𝙧𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙙𝙚𝙣 (𝙢𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙣) 𝙃𝙖𝙟𝙞 𝙅𝙪𝙨𝙪𝙛 𝙆𝙖𝙡𝙡𝙖 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙣𝙜 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖, 𝙨𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙪𝙩:
“𝙆𝙖𝙨𝙪𝙨 𝙞𝙣𝙞, 𝙮𝙖, 𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙏𝙉𝙄 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙗𝙚𝙨𝙖𝙧-𝙗𝙚𝙨𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣…” (𝙏𝙧𝙞𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙣𝙚𝙬𝙨.𝙘𝙤𝙢, 6/12/2018).
3. 𝙆𝙚𝙩𝙪𝙖 𝙈𝙍𝙋 𝙍𝙄 𝘽𝙖𝙢𝙗𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙎𝙤𝙚𝙨𝙖𝙩𝙮𝙤 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙣𝙜 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙨𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙪𝙩;
“….𝙈𝙋𝙍 𝙪𝙨𝙪𝙡 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙩𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙥𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙨𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙞𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖”(𝙆𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙨.𝙘𝙤𝙢, 13/12/2018).
4. 𝙒𝙞𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙤 (𝙈𝙖𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙈𝙚𝙣𝙠𝙤𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙝𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙢) 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙠𝙪𝙣𝙜 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖, 𝙨𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙪𝙩:
“𝙎𝙤𝙖𝙡 𝙆𝙆𝘽 𝙙𝙞 𝙉𝙙𝙪𝙜𝙖 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖, 𝙠𝙞𝙩𝙖 𝙝𝙖𝙗𝙞𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙠𝙖” (𝙆𝙤𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙨.𝙘𝙤𝙢, 12/12/2018).
5. 𝙈𝙖𝙝𝙛𝙪𝙙 𝙈𝘿 𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙩𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙋𝙊𝘼𝙋 𝙙𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙨. 𝙋𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙮𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙢𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙛𝙣𝙮𝙖 𝙈𝙖𝙝𝙛𝙪𝙙 𝙈𝘿 𝙥𝙖𝙙𝙖 29 𝘼𝙥𝙧𝙞𝙡 2021, 𝙨𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙪𝙩:
“𝙋𝙚𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙝 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙖𝙥 𝙗𝙖𝙝𝙬𝙖 𝙤𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙣𝙞𝙨𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜-𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙮𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙢𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙠𝙪𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙞𝙛 𝙙𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙜𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙨.”
𝙏𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙣, 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙥𝙤𝙡𝙞𝙨𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙤𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙞𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙡𝙚𝙜𝙞𝙩𝙞𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙉𝙚𝙜𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙪𝙣𝙩𝙪𝙠 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜-𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙙𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙙𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙜𝙚𝙜𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙨𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙨. 𝙆𝙖𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙖 𝙡𝙖𝙗𝙚𝙡 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙤𝙧𝙞𝙨, 𝙢𝙖𝙠𝙖 𝙢𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙡𝙖𝙨𝙞 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙮𝙞𝙠𝙨𝙖𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙢𝙗𝙪𝙣𝙪𝙝𝙖𝙣 𝙋𝙊𝘼𝙋 𝙙𝙞𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙜𝙖𝙥 𝙨𝙖𝙝, 𝙩𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙙𝙤𝙨𝙖, 𝙩𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙨𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙥𝙚𝙡𝙖𝙠𝙪 𝙠𝙚𝙟𝙖𝙝𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙣𝙜𝙞, 𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙞𝙢𝙥𝙪𝙣𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙨 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙝𝙖𝙧𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙗𝙖𝙜𝙖𝙞 𝙥𝙖𝙝𝙡𝙖𝙬𝙖𝙣.
𝙋𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙠𝙖𝙩𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙩𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙣𝙖𝙝 𝙗𝙚𝙧𝙪𝙗𝙖𝙝 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙩𝙞𝙙𝙖𝙠 𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙮𝙚𝙡𝙚𝙨𝙖𝙞𝙠𝙖𝙣 𝙖𝙠𝙖𝙧 𝙠𝙤𝙣𝙛𝙡𝙞𝙠 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝘽𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙩 𝙙𝙖𝙣 𝙠𝙚𝙠𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙨𝙖𝙣 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧 𝙞𝙩𝙪 𝙢𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙥𝙖𝙣𝙟𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙖𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙥𝙞𝙝𝙖𝙠 𝙋𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙪𝙙𝙪𝙠 𝙤𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙖𝙨𝙡𝙞 𝙋𝙖𝙥𝙪𝙖 𝙨𝙖𝙢𝙥𝙖𝙞 𝙨𝙚𝙠𝙖𝙧𝙖𝙣𝙜 𝙞𝙣𝙞. (sambung)
Editor: Redaksi